kalimat aktif dan pasif

Kalimat Pasif dan Kalimat Aktif

Ø  kalimat aktif

   subject melakukan pekerjaan, atau melakukan suatu perbuatan. Dengan ciri khas bahwa kata kerja   yang digunakan berawalan “me-“.

Ø  kalimat pasif

  

subject dalam kalimat tersebut tidak melakukan pekerjaan/perbuatan, melainkan dikenai pekerjaan/perbuatan. Dengan ciri khas bahwa kata kerja yang digunakan dalam kalimat tersebut berawalan “di-“.

Pola :

                                                     be + Verb 3 (Past Participle)

Kalimat aktif diubah menjadi kalimat pasif dengan menjadikan “object” kalimat aktif itu sebagai “Subject” kalimat pasif tersebut. Berdasarkan hal itu jelaslah bahwa hanya kalimat yang memiliki “object” yang dapat diubah menjadi pasif.

Contoh :

        - Aktif : Vica bought fruits at the supermarket

        - Pasif : The fruits was purchased at the supermarket

Object pelaku kalimat pasif yang dalam bahasa inggris dinyatakan dengan kata “by …” jarang diucapkan, karena kalimat pasif cenderung untuk hanya mengemukakan aktifitas . object pelaku diucapkan/ditulis hanya bila memang diperlukan, sebagai kelengkapan arti kalimat pasif bersangkutan.

POLA KALIMAT PASIF

1.       Simple Present Tense

Rumus  Kalimat Aktif : Subject + Verb 1 + Object

Contoh :  You play the very sweet music

              Rumus Kalimat Pasif : Subject + Is/Im/Are + Verb 3 + .......

              Contoh : The music is played very sweet.

2.       Simple Past Tense

Rumus kalimat Aktif  : Subject + Verb 2 + Object

Contoh : You played the music very sweet

Rumus kalimat Pasif : Subject + was/were + Verb 3 + .......

Contoh : The music was played very sweet

3.       Present Continuous Tense

Rumus kalimat aKtif : Subject + Is/am/are + Verb-ing + Object

Contoh  : You is playing the music very sweet

Rumus kalimat pasif : subject + is/im/are + being + verb 3 + ^{..............}

Contoh : The music is being  played Very sweet

4.       Past Continuous Tense

Rumus kalimat Aktif : Subject + was/were + Verb -ing+ Object

Contoh  : You was playing the music very sweet

Rumus Kalimat pasif : Subject + was/were + being +Verb 3 + ^...........

Contoh : You was being played very sweet

5.       Present Perfect Tense

Rumus kalimat Aktif :  Subject + has/have + Verb 3 + Object

Contoh  : You has played the music very sweet

Rumus kalimat Pasif : Subject + has/have + been + Verb 3 + …

Contoh : You has been played music very sweet

6.        Past Perfect Tense

Rumus kalimat Aktif : Subject + had + Verb 3 + Object

Contoh : You had played the music very sweet

Rumus kalimat Pasif : Subject + had + been + Verb3 + …

Contoh : You had been played the music very sweet

7.       Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Rumus kalimat Aktif : Subject + has/have + been + Verb-ing + Object

Contoh : You has been playing the music very sweet

Rumus kalimat Pasif : Subject + has/been + being + Verb 3 + .....

Contoh : You has been being played the music very sweet

8.       Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Rumus kalimat Aktif : Subject + had + been + Verb-ing + Object

Contoh : You had been playing the music very sweet

Rumus kalimat Pasif : Subject + had + been + being + Verb 3 + …

Contoh : You had been being played the music very sweet

9.       Simple Future Tense

Rumus kalimat Aktif : Subject + will/shall +Verb 1 + Object

Contoh : You will play the music very sweet

Rumus kalimat pasif : Subject + will/shall + be + Verb 3 + …

Contoh : You will be played the music very sweet

10.   Past Future Tense

Rumus kalimat Aktif : Subject + would/should +Verb 1 + Object

Contoh : You would play the music very sweet

 Rumus kalimat pasif : Subject + would/should + be + Verb 3 + …

Contoh : You would be played the music very sweet

11.   Future Perfect Tense

Rumus kalimat aktif : Subject + will/shall + have + Verb 3 + Object

Contoh : You will have played the music very sweet

Rumus kalimat pasif : Subject + will/shall + have + been + Verb 3 + …

Contoh : You will have been played the music very sweet